社会资本视阈下城市社区居家养老社会支持体系的构建

The Construction of Social Support System for Urban Community Home-Based Care under the Perspective of Social Capital

社区居家养老是家庭养老和社会化养老相结合的一种新型养老模式,较传统家庭养老而言,需具有更多的社会支持系统,同时也具有社会化养老所不具备的感情与精神慰藉功能,在应对未富先老、家庭养老功能退化、社会化养老发展不足等方面具有明显的制度优势。养老资源的产生、供给和有效传递在很大程度上决定着一种养老模式的成败。社区居家养老要想发挥功效,必须构建一个以家庭支持、政府辅助、社会参与、社区执行、社会关系的自我认知与强化的"场阈式"居家养老体系,通过多方参与、优势互补、个人支持网络的挖掘与强化,充分发挥社会资本的优势,创建无"需求偏差"的养老支持系统。

Community home-based care is a new pension model combining family pension with social pension. Compared with the traditional family pension, it needs more social support; and it provides the emotional and spiritual comfort that a social pension fails to meet. This pension model has obvious advantages in dealing with the following problems： people getting old before getting rich, family pension function degrading, and social pen- sion developing insufficiently, etc. The success or failure of a pension model greatly depends on the generation, supply and the effective delivery of supporting resources for elderly. Thus, in order to exert the effects of commu- nity home-based care, it is very necessary to build a ＂field threshold-style＂ home care system with the features of family support, government assistance, society participation, community execution, and establishment and strengthening of social relations self-awareness, creating a non ＂demand bias＂ pension support system through multi-stakeholder involvement, mutual-complement of advantages, mining and enhancing of personal support net- work, and full play of social capital＇ s advantages,