关于“民国机制”命名和定义研讨的反思——兼与李怡等学者商榷

Reflection on the Naming and Definition Research of the Literary Mechanism of the Republican Era

李怡于2009年提出关于新的中国现代文学史叙述范式"民国机制"在民国文学研究里取得了方法论上的突破。由于形成时间短暂,它还需要经历诸多现实的考验。在命名方面,"民国机制"实际指的是民国文学机制,它所作用的对象依旧是中国现代文学,实质未能跳出"现代"意义的内涵。同时,研讨还包括"民国机制"划分边界的依据和时空影响。李怡把酝酿"民国机制"的时间定在1912年清王朝覆灭后,依旧未能跳出以"国体和政体"作为文学史划分依据的桎梏。虽然中华民国曾作为一个政权符号存在,但"民国机制"并未能在当时起到决定性的作用。由于李怡并没有对文学史观和价值评判标准作出一个完整的解析,所以学界对民国机制"能包容错综复杂的文学现象"这个命题仍需质疑并继续探索。

A new narrative paradigm in the history of Chinese modem literature ： ＂the literary mechanisms of the Republican era＂ proposed by Li Yi in 2009, had achieved a methodological breakthrough in the research of literature during the Republic of China. Formed a short time ago, it needs to be testified in the reality. In terms ofnaming, the definition of ＂the literary mechanisms of the Republican era＂ refered to Chinese modern literature, which failed to jump out of the connotation and essence scope of ＂modern＂. At the same time, this research also included dicussions on the basis on which the boundary of ＂the literary mechanisms of the Republican era＂ was set and the influences of this mechanism through time and space. According to Li Yi, the brewing period of ＂the literary mechanisms of the Republican era＂ was in 1912 after the fall of Qing Dynasty, which fell into the routine of defining literary history based on ＂state and government system＂. Although the Republic of China had existed as a political symbol, ＂the literary mechanisms of the Republican era＂ failed to play a decisive role at that era in fact. As Li Yi did not make a full analysis of the literary history and the value judgment standard, the proposition that this mechanism ＂can contain complex and mixed phenomena of literature＂ is under question and needs continued exploration.