丁未政潮和清末政局——以清、浊党争为视角

A Research on the Ding Wei Political Event and the End of the Qing Dynasty Political Situation: From the Perspective of the Fight between the Clean Faction and the Corrupt Faction

庚子国变后,清廷的统治有大厦将倾之虞。为了自救,清廷于1901年推行新政。各派政治势力为了争夺朝廷实权,明争暗斗。由瞿鸿禨、岑春煊等清流派官员掀起的"丁未政潮",目的是借立宪之机扳倒政敌奕劻、袁世凯等浊流,但最终失败。丁未政潮实质上是清末政坛清流派和浊流派借新政之机揽权攻伐、相互倾轧的一次交锋,其中还掺杂满汉、中央与地方、集权与分权等诸多矛盾。瞿鸿禨和岑春煊的失败,不仅宣告清流派企图借助传统整肃吏治的方式实行新政自救的破产,也加速了腐朽清王朝的崩溃。

After the Gengzi Incident, rule of the Qing Dynasty faced serious domestic troubles and foreign invasion. In order to maintain its rule, the Qing Government implemented New Deals in 1901. Various political forces fought for imperial power. Qu Hong-ji, Cen Chun-xuan and other Clean Factions launched the Ding Wei Political Event with a view to take advantage Of the opportunities of constitutionalism to overcome opponents ： Yi Kuang, Yuan Shi-kai and other Corrupt Factions. But the Clean Faction failed in the end. The Ding Wei Political Event was in essence a fight between the Clean Faction and the Corrupt Faction for imperial power in New Deals period of the Qing Government. There were many contradictions like the Manchu and the Han nationalities, central and local governments, centralization and decentralization and so on. Qu Hong-ji and Cen Chun-xuan＇ s failure not only indicated the bankrupcy of the Clean Faction endeavor to save the rule of Qing Government by re- moving corrupt officials, but also accelerated the collapse process of the Qing Dynasty.