中医心理干预对择期手术患者生理、心理应激反应的影响及分析

Influence and analyses of traditional Chinese medicine psychology intervention on physiological and psychological stress response of preoperative patient

目的观察中医心理干预对择期手术患者生理、心理应激反应的影响效果。方法 60例择期手术患者采用区组随机化方法随机分配到对照组(G1)与干预组(G2)。G1组按常规护理操作要求进行护理;G2组则在常规护理操作基础上配合中医心理干预护理。所有受试者均于术前1天与麻醉给药前测量血压、心率,并依据焦虑自评量表(HAMA)进行评分。观察所有受试者的血压、心率及焦虑评分的变化情况以评估疗效。结果①护理干预前,两组组间基线特征均衡性良好(P>0.05)。②护理干预后,组间比较舒张压、收缩压及心率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),G2组的护理干预效果要明显优于G1组。护理干预后,组内比较,G1组中受试者的舒张压、收缩压、心率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而G2组内比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。③护理干预后,组内比较患者的焦虑评分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较患者的焦虑评分,差异亦具有统计学意义(P<0.05),G2组的护理干预效果要优于G1组。结论中医心理干预不仅能够缓解手术患者的烦躁、焦虑、恐惧心理,还可调控血压、稳定心率;这对手术的完成与患者的身心健康均有裨益。

Objective To observe the impacts of traditional Chinese medicine psychology intervention on physiological and psy- chological stress response of preoperative patients. Methods In total 60 cases of preoperative patients were randomized into treat- ment group and control group. In the control group, the routine nursing was applied ; in the treatment group, based on the routine nursing, the traditional Chinese medicine psychology intervention was also applied. One day before surgery and before anesthesia, the blood pressure and cardiac rate were detected and the HAMA scores were assessed, and the changes before and after treatments of the blood pressure,cardiac rate and the HAMA scores were evaluated. Results ① Before nursing intervention, the baselines between the two groups were good （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. ② After the nursing intervention, compared with the diastolic pressure, systolic pressure and the cardiac rates between the two groups, there was significant difference （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, with the treatment group better than the control group. After the intervention, compared with before and after treatments, there were significant difference of the diastolic pressure, systolic pressure and the cardiac rates in the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. However, there was no significant difference in the treatment group （ P 〉 0. 05 ）. ③ After the nursing intervention, there was significant difference of the HAMA scores before and after treatments （ P 〈 0.05 ）, and there was significant difference of the HAMA scores between the two groups （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, with the effects in the treatment group better than those in the control group. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine psychology intervention could al- leviate the anxiety, depression of the preoperative patients and control the blood pressure and cardiac rates ,which is beneficial to the physiological and psychological health of the patients.