“天为之因”与“人为之因”——国立中山大学文学院建筑设计案例剖析

External Factors vs. Internal Ideas " Case Study of the College of Liberal Arts in the Former National Sun Yat-sen University

20世纪30年代国立中山大学文学院的设计和建造,是建筑师郑校之将建筑的民族性与地域性也即"人为之因"与"天为之因"相融合的一次重要探索。本文通过设计阶段的门廊、屋顶和阳台三部分的草图与建成后实物的对照分析,试图解读郑校之先生是如何受到时代的影响和启发,在现代性与民族性之间找寻平衡,并最终由此突破的创作过程。郑校之在文学院设计中没有简单采用"民族固有样式"的方法,而是通过从现代建筑要义中抽取适合地域气候特征的实用做法,并结合时代精神,创作出一座融合了现代设计理念和东西方文化精神的文学殿堂。

The design and construction of the School of Liberal Arts in the campus of the National Sun Yat-sen University during 1930s was an important exploration of integrating nationality and regionality（namely external factores and internal ideas）by Architect Mr. Xiaozhi ZHENG. Through a comparative study of the porch, roof and balcony in his designing sketches and the finished building, this paper tries to interpret the influence of the age and the balance between modernity and nationality, which inspired him a lot in the design process. Mr. ZHENG would prefer the local climate adaptative modern architecture with zeitgeist than the simple, then create a temple of liberal arts with both modern spirits and the Eastern and Western culture.