社会工作者提升青少年自尊的策略——基于生态系统理论的分析

On Social Workers' Strategies for Increasing Adolescents' Self-esteem-An Ecological System Theory Perspective——A Case Study of Huizhou University

个体在青春期的发展任务是建立良好的自我同一性,而自尊的高低对于青少年自我概念和自我认同的形成起着关键作用。因此,社会工作者开展青少年服务的重点是帮助青少年提升自尊感。生态系统理论作为社工介入的理论依据,强调社工要以整体的视角分析问题,从个体与周围环境的互动入手,使服务对象与其所处的系统之间达到平衡协调。在实务工作中,社工可以从微观系统、中间系统、外部系统和宏观系统等多个层面进行干预,协助青少年提升个体自尊,强化其社会适应能力。

The task of individuals in adolescence is to establish sound self-identity, and the level of individual selfesteem plays a key role in adolescents＇ development of self-concept and self-identity. Therefore, social workers need to focus on how to help adolescents increase their self-esteem. According to Ecological System theory – theoretical foundation for social workers＇ intervention, social workers should analyze problems from an holistic perspective. Their intervention starts with the interaction between individuals and surroundings, and ends up reinforcing the balance and coordination between service targets and the system they are in. In practice, social workers can help adolescents boost their self-esteem and enhance their social adaptability via intervening inmultiple systems, including micro system, mezzo system,external system and macro system.