江苏宝应湖湿地秋冬两季鸟类区系组成及多样性调查

The fauna composition and species diversity of autumn and winter birds in Baoying Lake Wetlands

于2012年9月至2013年3月采用样线法对江苏扬州宝应湖湿地冬季鸟类的区系组成进行调研,调查期间共记录到鸟类56种,隶属11目28科。冬季鸟类组成中,留鸟31种,冬候鸟19种,旅鸟6种。古北界鸟类24种,东洋界鸟类20种,其余12种为广布型,鸟类的区系组成兼有古北界和东洋界过渡的特点。鸟类群落多样性的比较分析显示,湖岸生境较敞水区生境的鸟类多样性程度高。调查期间未发现大型雁鸭类。结果表明,保护区域内越冬鸟类的多样性,必须权衡满足当地居民对淡水资源的合理需求与尽可能多地保护生物多样性这两者之间的关系。

Surveys of birds including residents and visitors in winter were conducted in Baoying Lake Wetlands in Yangzhou,Jiangsu Province during September 2012 to March 2013 by using the line transect methods. As a result,56 species belonging to 11 orders,28 families were recorded during the period of investigations. Of which,31species were residents,19 species were winter migrants,and 6 species were passing migrants. The composition of avifauna comprised with 24 Palaearctic species,20 oriental species and 12 widespread species in both regions,and was characterized by a transitional trait of both regions. Comparisons of diversity of the bird communities in Baoying Lake showed that the bird diversity in lakeshore habitat is higher than that in water area. It is closely related to the limited water area of Baoying Lake and excessive anthropogenic interference caused by aquaculture and fishing in the lake. Thus,for the regional conservation of wintering bird biodiversity,trade-offs between satisfying legitimate human needs for freshwater and preserving as much biodiversity as possible are necessary.