原子核幻数与群子结构之间界定

The confine between magic number of nuclear and sub cluster structure

原子核的幻数已被大量实验所证明是一系列的正整数 ,如有 2 ,8,2 0 ,2 8,5 0 ,82 ,12 6等 ,但从理论上推导这些整数的存在并不是轻易的事情。为此 ,曾提出过单粒子壳层模型 ,进一步发展成为自旋轨道耦合模型 ,成功地推导出上述所有幻数系列并预测了各种核素的自旋角动量。大量的实验也表明实测的核素的自旋角动量与理论预测值之间有相当大的差距。在这种情况下 ,人们开始倾向于原子核的集团运动的看法 ,始终未能出现突破性的进展。文中运用作者创立的第四统计力学———JRG群子统计理论的观点 ,提出了原子核内存在亚结构———核群子的观点 ,用k、l、n、m等群子参数标定每一个核素 ,并与幻数比较 ,凡是具有幻数的核素具有简单的核群子结构 ,有较明显的界定。

It has been proved by a great deal of experiments that the magic number of nuclei is a series of positive integers, such as 2, 8, 20, 28, 50, 82, 126, etc. However, it is not easy to deduce these integers theoretically. The shell model of single has been put forward, and angular momentum of all kinds of nuclei has been anticipated. But a great number of experiments showed that there was a great differences between the real angular momentum and the anticipated value in theory. In this case, the view of nuclear group movement has been paid but attention has not made any breakthrough. In this paper the Fourth Statistics - JRG Sub-cluster Statistics Theory which was set up by the author is used to put forward propose that there are sub-structure - nuclei sub-cluster in the nuclei, and the sub-cluster parameters of nucleus k, l, n, m can be used to demonstrate every nucleus, and to compare them with the magic number. It has been found that if a nucleus has a magic number, it must have simple nuclear sub-cluster structure and definite confines. Therefore, magic number is a comprehensive scale value of sub-cluster parameter of nuclei.