论先秦诸子的“尚武”思想

On the Warrior Thought of the Pre-Qin Scholars

中国文化长期被视为"尚文",其"尚武"的一面往往为学界所忽略。事实上,先秦的尚武之风浓烈,先秦诸子的典籍也包含着尚武的思想,儒家尚勇尚战尚兵,重杀身成仁、舍生取义;道家尚兵,尚以弱胜强,崇侠;墨家重强重力,诛暴戾,任侠,非攻;法家重力,重刑法,重耕战,以暴制暴,把战之力、法之力和国之力融为一体。几家尚武思想都旨归于"崇侠尚义",对后世思想影响犹存。

Scholars have played important roles in the Chinese culture, while warriors have been somewhat neglected. In fact, the dominant role of warriors during the pre-Qin Dynasty was clearly shown in a lot of classi- cal documents of Confucian school, Mohist School, Legalists and Taoist school, which advocate such ideas as bravery in battles, life devotion, rebellion with force, etc. All of these ideas have been influencing later genera- tions.