广州市白云区1998-2012年食物中毒流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of food poisoning in Baiyun District,Guangzhou City in 1998-2012

目的了解白云区近十五年来食物中毒发生的特点及规律,提出相应的控制措施。方法收集白云区1998-2012年食物中毒检验报告、流行病学调查报告以及统计报表等进行统计分析。结果十五年间白云区共发生食物中毒241起,中毒人数2 874人,死亡26人。平均每年发生食物中毒16.1起,中毒人数191.6人,死亡1.7人,总病死率为0.90%。食物中毒发生的起数和中毒人数总体上呈逐渐上升趋势。食物中毒主要集中在第三季度,中毒发生场所以集体食堂为主,细菌特别是副溶血性弧菌是导致食物中毒的主要致病因素。结论白云区食物中毒的流行情况依然严峻,加强卫生监督和宣传教育是预防食物中毒的关键措施。

Objective To study the characteristics and rules of food poisoning incidence in the resent 15 years in Baiyun Dis- trict so as to put forward its corresponding control measures. Methods We statistically analyzed the food poisoning data col lected from the inspection reports, epidemiological survey reports and statistics in Baiyun District during 1998 - 2012. Results There were 241 cases of food poisoning reported in Baiyun District in the recent 15 years, with 2,874 persons involved and 26 death cases. 16.1 cases of food poisoning were reported annually, with 191.6 poisoned persons and 1.7 death cases each year, and the overall mortality rate was 0.90 %. The incidence of food poisoning and the number of poisoned persons showed a tenden cy of gradual increase from 1998 to 2012. The cases mostly occurred in July, August and September each year. Fco：l poisoning mostly happened in the collective canteens, and bacteria, especially Vibrio parataemolyticus were identified as the dominant cause of food poisoning. Conclusions The prevalence of food poisoning in Baiyun District is still severe, and hence, strength- ening health supervision and intensifying health propaganda and education are the key measures for food poisoning prevention.