东莞市7起托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情分析

Epidemiological analysis on 7 outbreaks of hand,foot and mouth disease in Kindergartens in Dongguan City

目的了解东莞市托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情流行特征,为防控手足口病疫情提供科学依据。方法对东莞市2010-2012年疾病监测信息报告管理系统中报告的托幼机构手足口病暴发疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果东莞市2010-2012年托幼机构共报告手足口病暴发疫情7起,累计报告病例130例,涉及2 909人,罹患率介于3.26%～6.48%之间。4月为高发月份,3岁及以下儿童占77.69%,疫情持续时间介于7～14 d。首发病例至事件报告的时间间隔和疫情持续时间呈正相关（Spearman相关系数=0.830,P〈0.05）。结论 3岁以下托幼儿童是手足口病暴发疫情的重点人群,托幼机构和卫生部门应加强手足口病监测,尽早识别病人,及早报告有利于疫情得到及时地控制。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease （HFMD） outbreaks in kindergartens in Dongguan City, and to provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control. Methods We epidemiologi- cally analyzed the data of HFMD outbreaks occurred in kindergartens in Dongguan City during 2010 - 2012 and reported by Dis- ease Surveillance, Reporting and Management System. Results There were 7 HFMD outbreaks reported in kindergartens in Dongguan from 2010 to 2012. A total of 130 HFMD cases and 2,909 children were involved, with the attack rate of 3.26% - 6.48 %. Most eases were found in April. The proportion of the cases aged three years and below was 77.69 %. The duration of each epidemic period ranged between 7 and 14 days. The time span between the initial case and reporting was positively correlated with the duration of each epidemic period （Spearman correlation coefficient = 0. 830, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions The most sus- ceptible populations to HFMD outbreak are the children aged three years and below. Kindergartens and the related health depart- ments should intensify the surveillance of HFMD. Early detection of HFMD patients and early reporting are conducive to control- ling the outbreak.