页岩气开发的环境影响和环保策略

Environmental Influence in Shale Gas Development and Considerations

页岩气的开发为社会经济发展带来诸多机遇的同时也出现一些环境问题。通过对国外页岩气开发环境保护措施、新技术研发和应用现状的调研,结合中国页岩气资源现状,分析了伴随页岩气开发我国即将面对的水资源消耗和污染、土地占用及生态环境破坏等系列问题。研究认为环保部门应尽快完善相关天然气排放、废液地下灌注的法律和法规,政府部门应加强监管措施和专项研究,制定适合中国生态平衡的监管机制;倡导应用新技术开发页岩气,从源头上杜绝页岩气大规模商业化开发对环境的破坏。

As a new type of clean energy sources, shale gas has been commercially and widely developed in America and demand for clean energy in Chinese economic development is so urgent that shale gas exploration and development has been gradually put into agenda. Conducted are investigations on foreign shale gas development, new technology research and development and application and potential effects of shale gas development on the environment and compared are domestic shale gas resources with those in America and discussed are a series of such issues as water resources consumption and contamination, land occupation and destruction of the ecological environment probably occurring during broad development of shale gas. It is pointed out that horizontal drilling technology and fluid management shall be adopted in domestic shale gas development to respond to environmental challenges and proposed are some considerable suggestions in shale gas development decision and management by the Chinese government and energy companies.