《红楼梦》中指示语的语用功能研究

A Pragmatic Study of Deixis in A Dream of Red Mansions

通过对《红楼梦》中的指示语进行语用研究之后,结果发现:第一,人称指示语中的对立型指示语包括平等型对立指示语与离情型对立指示语。第二,人称指示语中的融合型指示语具有移情效果,有利于缩短说话人与听话人的心理距离。第三,社会指示语中的称谓语不仅体现说话人的性格特点,更表明了说话人与听话人的社会距离与语用距离。第四,社会指示语中詈语的使用反映了说话人与听话人之间的权力冲突。

Through a pragmatic analysis of deixis in A Dream of Red Mansions, the ensuing points are found： first, contrary deixis of personal deixis includes equal -contrary deixis , indicating the speaker ’ s awareness of equality , and apathy -contrary deixis, closely related to apathy in most cases;second, confluent deixis possesses empathy effects , shortening the psychological distance between the speaker and listener;third, addressives reveal the speaker ’ s personality as well as the social and pragmatic distance between the participants;fourth, cursing addresses are indications of various power conflicts between the participants .