2Londer PB, Kamm MA, Nichds R J, et al. haemorrhoids : pathology, patho- physiology and etiology[J]. Br J Surg, 1994,81 (7) : 946.
3Thomson WHF. The nature of the haemorrhoids[J]. Br J Surg, 1975,62 (5) :542-552.
4Butterworth JW, Peravali R,Anwar R,et al. A four-year retrospective study and review of selection criteria and post-operative complications of stapled haemorrhoidopexy[J]. Tech Coloproctol, 2012,16 (5) : 369-372.
5刘传连.对PPH适应症的重新认识[J].中华中医药学刊,2007,25增:44-45.
6Umile MC,Stefano C, Francesco SM. Stapled anopexy as a day surgery procedure:Our experience over 400 cases[J]. Surgeon,2013,11 :S10-13.
7Festen S, Mohhof H,van Geloven AA,et al. Predictors of recur rence of prolapse after procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids[J]. Colorectal Dis, 2012,14(8) :989-996.
8Cerato MM, Cerato NL, Passes P,et al. Surgical treatment of hemorrhoids: a critical appraisal of the current options [J]. Arq Bras Cir Dig, 2014,27 (1) :66-70.
9Arezzo A, Podzemny V,Pescatori M.Surgical management of hemorrhoids[J]. Ann Ital Chir,2011,82(2) : 163-172.
10Batori M,Straniero A,Pipino R,et al. Stapled hemorrhoidopexy in the treatment of hemorrhoid disease. Our eight-year experience [J]. Minerva Chir,2010,65 (1) :21-25.