2005—2012年咸阳市风疹流行特征分析

Analysis on epidemic characteristics of rubella in Xianyang City from 2005-2012

目的了解咸阳市风疹的流行病学特征,为预防控制风疹提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对咸阳市2005—2012风疹发病情况进行分析。结果咸阳市2005—2012年共报告风疹958例,发病率介于0.52/10万～5.88/10万之间。全年各月均有发病,4—6月为发病高峰。发病以学生为主,占病例总数的52.82%；其次为散居和托幼儿童,分别占病例总数的19.31%和14.61%。发病年龄主要集中于0～14岁托幼童和中小学生年龄组,占病例总数的75.26%。发病男女性别比为1.21∶1。结论近年来咸阳市风疹发病率呈上升趋势,为有效保护重点人群,有必要调整目前风疹疫苗免疫策略,采取2剂次疫苗常规接种,并做好育龄期妇女风疹疫苗接种和风疹病毒血清学监测工作。

[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Xianyang City,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of rubella.[Methods]The descriptive epidemiological method was applied to analyze the incidence of rubella in Xianyang City from 2005-2012.[Results]A total of 958 rubella cases were reported in Xianyang City from 2005-2012,and the incidence rate was between 0.52 /lakh and 5.88 /lakh.The cases occurred in every months of the year,and the peak season was April to June.Most of patients were student,accounting for 52.82% of the total cases,followed by the scattered children and kindergarten children,which respectively accounted for 19.31% and 14.61% of the total cases.The cases mainly focused on children aged 0-14 years old,who were kindergarten children,primary and middle school students,accounting for 75.26% of the total cases.The male to female ratio was 1.21∶ 1.[Conclusion]The incidence rate of rubella shows a rising trend in Xianyang City.To effectively protect the high risk population,it is necessary to adjust the rubella vaccine immunization strategy,take the routine immunization of two doses vaccine,and implement the rubella vaccination among fertile women and serological monitoring of rubella virus.