贵州省生物多样性及生境敏感性研究

The Study on Biodiversity and the Sensitivity of Bio-inhabitation in Guizhou

贵州省是中国典型的喀斯特山区,生态环境脆弱,生物多样性极易受到破坏。本文通过对贵州省的自然地理环境、植被的状况和生物多样性的调查研究,分析贵州省生物多样性及生态系统多样性特征,评价其生境敏感性。研究调查结果发现,贵州省高等植物共6930种,受国家一级保护的植物13种,受国家二级保护的植物63种。贵州的生境敏感性的分布主要以高度敏感区为主,面积为93579.40km2,比例占53.15%;其次是不敏感区域,面积为39071.14km2,比例占22.19%。贵州省生境敏感性在空间分布总体表现为:黔东南,黔南和黔北的生境敏感性较高,而黔中、黔西南和黔东北的生境敏感性较低。生境敏感性与高程相关分析发现,贵州的5个敏感性分类等级区都主要分布在500m^2000m之间,其余高程范围分布很少。

Guizhou province is a typical karst mountain area in China,of a fragile ecological environment and a vulnerable biodiversity. Through investigating natural geographical environment,vegetation status,and biodiversity,this paper analyzed the characteristic of biological diversity and ecosystem diversity in Guizhou,and evaluated its habitat sensitivity. This research found that there are 6 930 kinds of species in total including 13 kinds of the first class national protected plant and 63 kinds of the second class national protected plant. The habitat sensitivity distributions in Guizhou are mainly composed of a highly sensitive area（ covering an area of 93 579. 40km2,accounting for 53.15%） and not sensitive area（ covering an area of 39 071. 14km2,accounting for 22.19%）. The spatial distribution of habitat sensitivity in Guizhou is： the southeast,south and north of Guizhou of higher habitat sensitivity,while the middle,southwest and northeast of Guizhou of lower habitat sensitivity. It also found that five sensitivity classifications are mainly distributed between 500m ～ 2 000m,in contrast,there are few in other elevation ranges by correlation analysis between habitat sensitivity and the elevation of Guizhou.