论瑕疵证据的侦查源头遏制

The Containment of Investigative Source of Defective Evidence

侦查取证瑕疵虽然是部分侵犯了法律的实体性权利和程序性权利,但毕竟造成了证据的缺陷和不完善,降低了证据的价值和作用,有时甚至无法弥补而使证据成为非法证据。这一问题已经成为执法规范化建设需要解决的重点问题之一。侦查取证中存在的违反技术程序,物证书证保全或鉴定不当等瑕疵问题,分析了产生这些瑕疵的现实条件,阐述了造成侦查取证瑕疵的相关法律制度缺失方面的客观原因和认识与价值取向偏差方面的主观原因。同时提出了转变侦查观念、建立内外部监督机制、提高可操作性、以及提高证据获取力等方面的解决措施。

Although the defect of investigative evidence collection just partly violates substantive and procedural rights of law,it makes the evidence defective and imperfect,detracting the value and effect of evidence,and even makes it illegal evidence if remedy is unavailable sometimes.Therefore,this problem has been one of the key problems needed solving for the construction of law enforcement standardization for public security organizations.Based on the discussion of the defect problem of the violation of techniques procedure during the evidence collection for investigation and the misconduct of the preservation or identification of material evidence and documentary evidence,the author analyzes the actual conditions causing these defects,expounds both the objective cause of the lack of relative legal system and the subjective reason of incorrect understanding and value orientation causing the defect of the evidence collection for investigation.Meanwhile,several solutions have been proposed,including changing investigation idea,establishing internal and external supervision mechanism,enhancing operability,and improving the ability of evidence acquirement.