抗菌药物不合理使用导致的药物不良反应发生的相关性分析

Irrationality of antibiotics use Results in adverse drug reactions

目的探讨抗菌药物不合理使用与药物不良反应发生的相关性。方法回顾性分析该院收治的200例药物不良反应病例报告,采用Person相关性分析抗菌药物不合理使用方式与各类不良反应表现的相关性。结果抗菌药物不合理使用导致的药物不良反应患者100例(50.00%),共112例次,使用喹诺酮类药物引起不良反应最常见,构成比为42.86%(48例次),其次为β-内酰胺类抗生素,构成比为32.14%(36例次);皮肤及软组织是不良反应发生的主要部位,构成比为(57.00%),其次为消化系统,构成比为(27.00%);经Person相关性分析后,给药时间过长、滴速过快、药液浓度过高、剂量过大等因素,均与不良反应显著相关(P<0.05)。结论抗菌药物的不合理使用仍是该院引起药物不良反应的主要原因,应进一步提高抗菌药物使用的合理性,有利于降低不良反应的发生率。

Objective To investigate the correlation of irrationality of antibiotics use and adverse drug reactions（ADR）.Methods 200case reports of adverse drug reactions in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively,and the correlation of unreasonable use of antibacterial drugs and all kinds of adverse reactions was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results 100 ADR cases（50.00%）（112cases-frequencies） were induced by antibacterials.Quinolones were the most common causes of the ADR（42.86%）（48 cases-frequencies）,followed by β-lactam antibiotics（32.14%）（36 cases-frequencies）.The main parts of the ADR were skin and soft tissue（57.00%）,followed by digestive system（27.00%）.After Pearson correlation analysis,extra-long administration time,extra-fast dripping speed,extra-high drug concentration and overdose were associated with adverse reactions significantly（P 〈 0.05）.Conclusions The main cause of adverse drug reactions is irrationality of using antibiotics.The rationality of antimicrobial usage should be further improved,so as to avoid ADR induced by antibacterials.