北京宣南典型会馆园林研究及保护与利用建议

Analysis and Suggestion on the Protection and Utilization of Beijing Xuannan Guild Hall Gardens

北京宣南地区是士人文化、平民文化的重要集中地之一,因此这里集中分布了众多的会馆.这些会馆大多是四合院民居形制,其中许多会馆设有附属园林,成为中国传统园林分类系统中的代表之一——会馆园林.但是,由于四合院建筑的破败与更新,很多会馆园林正在城市的不断发展中渐渐被破坏甚至消失.本文通过史料文献查阅,实地调研走访,并将两者进行对比研究分析,整理了其中7座典型会馆园林的历史沿革、现存状况、设计特色,同时也对北京宣南会馆园林的保护与利用提出了建议,以期对北京建筑与园林遗产的保护有借鉴作用.

Beijing Xuannan area was one of the most important centers of the scholar culture and civilian culture and there are many Guild Halls. Most of Guild Halls are quadrangle dwellings and some of them are different from others as they equipped with gardens,which are named Guild Hall Garden. It has become one of the representatives in Chinese traditional garden classification system. However,with the constantly development of the city and the dilapidation and regeneration of courtyard buildings,many Hall Gardens are being destroyed and even disappearing. By the methods of site visits,consulting related documents and data analysis,the history,current situation and design features of seven typical Guild Hall Gardens are demostrated as well as some suggestions for protection and utilization of Beijing Xuannan Guild Hall Garden are given. Therefore guidance for Beijing ＇s architecture and landscape heritage protection is provided.