1958—2012年在中国发现的新矿物

New minerals found in China(1958-2012)

截至2012年底,在中国发现的新矿物共有124种,文中综述了它们的中英文名称、化学式、产状产地、发现者和所登刊物。除5个矿物种以外,全部矿物种均获IMA CNMNC批准。文内分析了它们在晶体化学分类体系中矿物大类和矿物类中的分配及其在类中的种数,并计算了前者与同类矿物种总数的比率,以了解它们所处的地位。新矿物种数量与所产的地质体(岩体、矿床)的成因、地球化学背景和形成条件等有密切关系,一般均产于中国的特殊矿床或地质研究的热点地区。为了加速发现新矿物,建议进一步加强产学研联合与协作,发挥矿物学、岩石学、矿床学和地球化学多学科之间的紧密合作,应注重对细小稀有矿物、离子晶体化学占位、有序无序、非晶质矿物、有机矿物等的关注和精细研究,并要重视现代测试技术的应用。新矿物的发现具有重要的理论和实际意义。

Up to the end of 2012, some 124 new mineral species had been found in China. The article is a collection of these new minerals. It lists and gives the mineral names both in Chinese and English together with chemical formula, locality and occurrence, discoverers and references for each species. All minerals listed here have been approved by the IMA CNMNC with only five exceptions. Each of the new minerals is listed according to mineral type and mineral class in the crystalloehemical classification system and it gives the number of the new mineral species in each class. It calculates the ratio of the number of the new minerals in the class to the corresponding total number of the mineral species in the same class in order to recognize the distribution of the new minerals within the class. It is found that there is a close relationship between the number of new mineral species and the genesi; geochemical background and forming conditions of the geological bodies （rock massifs, ore deposits） in which the new mineral species are hosted. From the occurrenceqocality point of view, most of the new minerals are found in the special mineral deposits or in the hot spot regions of geologic research in China. In order to accelerate the discovery of new minerals in China, it is necessary to strengthen the coalition and cooperation between the productive, the academic and the scientific research units and the closer cooperation between the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, ore deposit geology and geochemistry. It should be focused on the detailed research on some fine-grained rare minerals, their ion occupation in crystal structure and orde-disorder structures, and the research on amorphous and organic minerals. It is important to pay more attention to the application of modem measuring and testing techniques. The finding of new minerals is not only an initiative accomplishment in the field of mineralogy but also possesses theoretical significance for the development of geological science and practical value for the exploitation and utilization of mineral resources.