中美服务贸易国际竞争力对比研究

A Comparative Study of International Competitiveness on Service Trade between China and USA

中国服务贸易发展迅速,2012年进出口总额首次超过4700亿美元,规模再创历史新高,全球排名第三,但国际竞争力还很弱,规模上仅占全部贸易额的10%,总量上仅是美国的44%。本文通过对联合国贸发组织会议(UNCTAD)、中国商务部及中国海关公布的相关数据进行计算整理,从国际市场占有率、TC指数、RCA指数及STO指数对中美两国服务贸易各部门进行对比分析,得出与美国相比,中国服务贸易在计算机与信息服务部门发展迅速,在建筑部门同时具有竞争优势和比较优势,而在金融服务、版税与许可证费用两个服务贸易部门同时存在竞争弱势和比较劣势。

Due to the rapid development of service trade in China,the amount of import and export exceeded more than $470 billion for the first time in 2012,ranking third in the world.However,China＇s international competitiveness is still very weak,only 10%of the total trade volume in scale,44%of USA in amount.This article uses the services statistics data announced by the UNCTAD,Ministry of Commerce of China and Customs of China , and analyses the International Competitiveness on Service Trade in the international market share,TC index,RCA index and STO index of service trade between China and USA.It is concluded that China＇s service trade develops rapidly in the computer and information services,and China has competitive advantage and comparative advantage at the same time in the construction service,while has competitive disadvantage and comparative disadvantage in the financial services,royalties and license fees services.