性别与伦理间的安提戈涅:黑格尔之后

The Antigone Variations between Gender and Ethics: After Hegel

早在浪漫主义时代,索福克勒斯的《安提戈涅》的地位就高于《俄狄浦斯王》。荷尔德林、施莱格尔和黑格尔等都认为,《安提戈涅》是当时最优秀的作品。但自1900年弗洛伊德在《释梦》中提出著名的"俄狄浦斯情结"后,《安提戈涅》作为俄狄浦斯研究的潜流,一直没能浮出地表。20世纪后半期,借助安提戈涅,伊利格瑞、拉康、蒂娜·钱特、德里达、朱迪斯·巴特勒等人对黑格尔之后的伦理意识、性别差异和血亲关系三个概念进行了改造和发挥。本文在后结构主义框架内,以《安提戈涅》为文本,论证安提戈涅在性别伦理中的典范性,并探讨性别理论向古典文学文本之转向的政治诉求和当下意义。

During the Romantic period, Sophocles＇ Antigone received higher acclaims than Oedipus the King, which can be found in the works of Friedrich Holderlin, August Wilhelm von Schlegel and Friedrich Hegel, etc. However, Antigone has remained an undercurrent in Oedipus studies since Freud＇s most influential claim of Oedipus Complex came into shape. In the late 20th century, through Antigone, Luce Irigaray, Lakan, Tina Chanter, Derrida and Judith Butler, etc., have been reviving the debates on ethical consciousness, sexual difference and kinship. This article seeks to trace their theoretical debates in order to engrave a facet between gender and ethics, hoping to sort out a gateway to solve the ethics of gender in an impasse.