汉诗英译中的主语与人称

Subjects and Personal Nouns in C-E Poetry Translatio

汉语诗歌的主语,呈隐性状态,英语诗歌的主语,呈显性状态;汉语习惯人称倾向,英语则偏爱物称倾向;汉语诗歌中的人称,是出世的,英语诗歌中的人称,则是入世的;汉诗常为无我之境,英诗则常为有我之境。汉语诗歌与英语诗歌这诸多方面的差异,导致汉诗英译中的主语与人称方面的问题,并需要译者灵活变通,甚至需要一定的创造性,才能保证汉诗之美的忠实传递。

The subjects of Chinese poetry are covert while those of English poetry are overt; Chinese tends to use animate nouns as the subjects while English likes using inanimate nouns as the subjects; personal pronouns are rarely used in Chinese poetry while they are commonly seen in English poetry; often there is no ＂I＂ in Chinese poetry while ＂I＂ abounds in English poetry. These differences between Chinese poetry and English poetry lead to problems in handling subjects and personal pronouns and entail the translator＇ s flexibility or even creativity, so as to ensure the faithful reproduction of the beauty of Chinese poetry in C-E poetry translation.