广西都安布努瑶挽歌《萨当琅》的文化学解析

A CULTURAL ANALYSIS OF SADANGLANG,THE ELEGY OF THE BUNU YAO IN DUAN,GUANGXI

《萨当琅》是一首产生于密洛陀时代、流传于广西都安布努瑶社会中的长篇挽歌,在瑶族古代文学史中占有重要的地位。本文分析了挽歌的来源、主要内容及艺术特色,从文化学角度解读挽歌中反映的布努瑶的动物崇拜、祖灵崇拜以及道教文化因素。这首挽歌是母系氏族社会文化的遗存,强调敬祖遵制来维系民族传统,并通过在丧葬仪式唱这首挽歌来对族人进行生活教育,挽歌还具有研究瑶族语言与风俗等方面的珍贵价值。

The Sadanglang, a long elegy produced in the time of Miluotuo and circulated in the Bunu Yao society in Duan, Guangxi, occupies an important position in the history of ancient literature of Yao nationality. This paper analyzes the sources, main contents, and artistic features of the elegy, unscrambhng animal worship, ancestor worship and the Taoist cultural factors of the Bunu Yao reflected in it. The elegy is a cultural remnant of the matriarchal society. It emphasizes to sustain the national tradition through respecting the rules of ancestors, and educates the Yao people by singing the elegy in funeral ceremony. The elegy is of precious value for the study of language and customs of the Yao nationality as well.