先行语引入句式中的偏误分析

Impact of Syntactic Structure on the Acquisition of Antecedent

留学生篇章中先行语的偏误不是孤立的,往往与句式直接相关,本文对各种引入先行语的句式进行了较全面的考察。首先,对不同等级留学生引入"篇章话题"时使用的句式进行了统计分析,在此基础上对留学生引入先行语时偏爱使用的"是"字句、"有"字句偏误进行了描写和分析,并有针对性地提出了相应的教学对策;其次,对汉语中常用的话题引入句式存现句中出现的各种偏误进行了细致的考察和深入的分析。在此基础上,本文发现了伴随着先行语使用由定指到不定指的渐进过程,先行语引入句式的习得也呈现出一个由易到难的发展轨迹。

The antecedent errors in Chinese made by overseas students are not isolated; instead, they are always connected with syntactic structures. This paper provides an overall exploration into the usage of the antecedent and its related syntactic structures. Based on the data of different syntactic structures appearing in the narrative texts written by two overseas students of different Chinese competence levels, the author firstly analyzes the errors in two structures which the overseas students often use： the shi-structure and the you-structure. According to the error types, some teaching strategies are suggested. Then the different existential constructions often used to introduce antecedents are analyzed. The results show that the acquisition difficulty of Chinese syntactic structures increases when the antecedents in these structures are indefinite in reference, and the L2 acquisition of Chinese definite and indefinite antecedents and their related structures also form a progressive continuum.