基于遥感影像的金属矿区土地利用动态变化分析——以常宁市松柏镇为例

Analysis of the Land Use Dynamic Change in Metal Mine District Based on Remote Sensing Images——Taking Songbai Town,Changning City as an Example

常宁市水口山矿区是我国著名的金属矿山,已有上百年的开采历史。随着矿产开采的持续,矿区土地利用结构发生了很大变化。以水口山矿区主要分布区域松柏镇为研究单元,以1990年、1999年、2013年的三景遥感影像为数据源,利用面向对象的监督分类法、决策树分类法等对三个时期的矿区土地利用情况进行提取,得到分类精度kappa系数分别为86.04%,83.50%,85.67%。研究结果表明:矿区二十年来土地利用变化明显,林地、耕地显著减少,耕地面积减少374.76hm2;草地、建设用地、矿产用地增加较多;特别是矿产用地和建设用地显著增加,增幅分别达到73.34%和50.40%;水域面积总体保持平衡。

The ore district of Shui Kou Shan in Changning City is one of the most famous metal mines in China .There is more than hundreds histories of mining .With the mining ,there are great changes in the construction of land use for this mining area .Based on the data of remote sensing images obtained in 1990 ,1999 ,2013 ,we chose Songbei town which is the major region distribution of ore district for Shui Kou Shan as the objet of study ,use the supervised classification and decision classification methods to study the information of land use in this area in three different periods .The values of kappa coefficient are 86.04% ,83.50% ,85.67% for the three different periods ,respectively .The results indicate that there are obvious changes for land use in this ore district in recent 20 years ,the areas of wood-land and cultivated land decrease significantly ,the area of cultivated decreased is 374.76 hectares;the areas of meadowland ,especially the land of mining and constructive land increase more quickly ,and the growths for land of mining and constructive land are 73.34 % and 50.40 % ,respectively ;while the area of water is broad balanceable .