留日学生与清末新政时期西方政治文化学说的传播

Abroad Students and the Spread of Western Political and Cultural Theories during New Policies of Latter Stage of Qing Dynasty period

清末新政时期,译书的重点从洋务运动以来中国知识界对西方自然科学中应用科学为主的翻译,转向了以欧美特别是日文书籍中人文社会科学类著作的翻译,并且以政法、教育类书籍为主。这不仅反映了留日学生通过中译日文,传播西学,"寻医求药"以救国救民的强烈愿望,更为清末新政和辛亥革命提供了先进的思想武器和理论指导,唤醒了大清帝国一批沉睡的臣民,激励了一批青年知识分子投身于清末新政与辛亥革命。

During new policies of latter stage of Qing dynasty period, the emphasis of translating has switched from practical science of western natural science by Chinese intellectual community since Westernization Movement to the translation of humanity Social science books of Europe and America and especially of Japan and most of the books were about legal and education. This not only shows that by translating Japanese books into Chinese, the Chinese students in Japan spread western theories, learned new methods to save their country, but also provided advanced theories and weapons for new policies of latter stage of Qing dynasty and the Revolution of 1911. At the same time, a lot of sleeping subjects of Qing dynasty were waken up and many young intellectuals were encouraged to take part in new policies of latter stage of Qing dynasty and the Revolution of 1911.