论农产品批发市场的公益性——基于公共财政视角

On the Public Welfare of Agricultural Product Wholesale Markets

近年来,农产品批发市场的公益性越来越受到认可和重视,不少学者借用公共产品理论阐释农产品批发市场的公益性,这为从理论上界定并从实践上促进农产品批发市场的公益性提供了一种思路。本文从公共产品的两个基本特征出发,认为公益性产品可以是公共产品,也可以是私人产品。通过竞争性和排他性的分析,指出农产品批发市场的经济性质是私人产品,但由于其具有较大的正外部性,能够满足社会公共利益,所以也是一种公益性产品。在此基础上,本文从公共财政的视角,提出了促进农产品批发市场公益性发展的政策建议。

Recently, the public welfare of agricult ural product wholesale markets is increasingly recognized and valued. Many scholars use the public goods theory to explain the public welfare of agricultural product wholesale markets, which provides an idea to theoretically define and practically prompt the public welfare of agricultural product wholesale markets. From two basic characteristics of public goods and the analysis of the characteristics of public welfare goods, the author argues that public welfare goods can be public goods or private goods. Based on the meaning of rivalness and excludability, the author concludes that the economic nature of agricultural product wholesale markets is not only the private goods, but also the public welfare goods, because the agricultural product wholesale markets has a large positive externalities and meets the public interest. Thus, from the perspective of public finance, the author proposes some policy recommendations to promote the public welfare of agricultural products wholesale markets.