比较、包容与幸福——基于中国农村居民调查数据的实证分析

Social Comparisons,Inclusion and Happiness:An Empirical Evidence from Rural China

本文使用来自中国4个省8个县64个村庄900多个农村居民的调查数据研究了中国农村居民的比较强度、比较方向以及比较中的包容性对主观幸福感的影响。大约45%的农村被调查者在日常生活中会与别人进行比较。收入低的农村居民的比较强度高,比较强度对幸福感没有显著影响。进行比较的农村居民把"本村民小组居民"作为比较参照系的比例最高,选择"邻居"作为比较方向的农村居民幸福感最低。收入高、受教育年限长或女性农村居民的包容性强,包容性强的农村居民幸福感高。

This paper aims to seek the relationship between comparative intensity, comparative directions,inclusion in social comparison and subjective well - being by using the survey of more than 900 rural residents from 64 administrative villages in 8 counties, and 4 provinces in China. About 45 % investigated rural residents compare with others in daily life. The lower income the rural residents have, the higher the intensity of comparison is. Meanwhile, the intensity of comparison has no significant impact on subjective well - being. With respect to the directions of comparison, villagers in the same sub - village are the most frequently cited as the reference group. Those who compare to neighborhoods are unhappier than those who compare to other benchmarks. Females or those who have higher income or higher education have stronger inclusion. The rural residents who have higher inclusion are much happier.