战后华南与东南亚侨批网络的整合与制度化——以南洋中华汇业总会为中心

The Integration and Institutionalization of Remittance Network between South China and Southeast Asia after World-War Ⅱ:A Study of Nanyang Chinese Exchange Remittance Association

本文以南洋中华汇业总会为中心,探讨战后侨批网络的区域整合与制度化机制。南洋中华汇业总会的成立使原先分别以闽、潮、琼汇兑公会为中心相互平行的侨批网络构建成为一个以汇业总会为中心的系统网络,并建立起以侨批公会——南洋中华汇业总会——中华总商会为中心的多层次跨国社团网络,从而进一步推动了侨批网络的制度化运作。作为东南亚侨批网络的最高领导机构,南洋中华汇业总会不但可以通过自下而上或自上而下的渠道解决帮派内部的问题,而且可以代表东南亚的侨批网络来处理中国—东南亚侨批网络的内部事务,通过一系列协调与维护新马及华南地区各级侨批网络的行动,使中国与东南亚间的侨批网络得到进一步的加强与整合。在以南洋中华汇业总会为中心的侨批网络与国家机构不断交涉的过程中,我们既看到了侨批网络自我维护机制的有效性,同时也看到了其在强大的国家机器面前所显示的脆弱性。

This paper explores the integration and institutionalization of the Chinese Remittance Network by stud- ying the Nanyang Chinese Exchange Remittance Association （NCERA）. The establishment of NCERA integrates the parallel remittance network of South Fujian, Chaozhou and Hainan in Singapore into a transnational multi-level system. As the leader of the remittance network of Southeast Asia, NCERA can resolve not only the problem of overseas Chinese remittance network, but also the problem of remittance network of South China. All of these efforts lead to the more integration and institutionalization of remittance network between China and Southeast Asia. Through the process of continuing negotiation between the remittance network and the governments, we can find both effectiveness and limitation of the mechanism of Chinese remittance network.