南京市主城区就业空间布局初探

A Preliminary Analysis of Spatial Distribution of Employment Spatial in Nanjing Main City

依据2008年南京市第二次经济普查的就业人口数据和2007年南京市用地现状图,修正匹配得到南京市主城区各街道统计单元服务业、制造业及总的就业密度值,对城市就业人口空间分布数据的统计方法进行了探讨;在此基础上,采用就业集聚指数分析方法分析南京市主城区总体和分行业的就业空间集聚区分布,并结合地统计方法和城市空间结构模型识别其就业中心。结果显示:南京市服务业就业集聚区集中于主城中心区域,呈"单核+扇形放射"分布,形成了强集聚的单中心就业结构;制造业就业集聚区集中分布于主城南、北部边缘区域,呈现出较明显的"圈层+环带"结构,且主城范围内无就业中心;总体就业集聚区集中于主城中心区域,呈"单核放射+散点"分布,形成了单中心主导的就业结构,其分布格局与服务业类似,且拥有共同的就业中心,但相较于服务业,总体就业中心影响力较小;历史因素、政策引导和市场力量相互作用,是影响就业空间布局的主要因素。

According to matching the employment data of the second economic census of Nanjing in 2008 and Nanjing city land use map in 2007, this paper calculates the employment density of service industry, manufacturing industry and total industry of each research unit in Nanjing main city. On the base of this method, this empirical study analyzes the distribution of employment agglomeration areas with employment agglomeration index methods, and identifies the employment centers with Geo-statistics and urban spatial modeling methods. It shows that： the employment agglomeration areas of service industry concentrate in the center areas in Nanjing main city, which present a distribution pattern of ＂Single Core ＋ Fan-shapedRadiation＂, and form a mono-centric spatial structure. The employment agglomeration areas of manufacturing industry concentrate in the northern and southern marginal areas in Nanjing main city, which present a distribution pattern of ＂Circle ＋ Ring＂, and there is no employment center identified. The employment agglomeration areas of total industry concentrate in the center areas in Nanjing main city, which present a distribution pattern of ＂Single Core Radiation ＋ Scatter＂, and form a mono-centric spatial structure. The influence of employment center of service industry is stronger than total industry, although they have similar employment distribution patterns and a common employment center.