历史时期泥炭吸附重金属铅的国外研究进展

Research Progress Abroad on History of Pb Pollution Recorded in Peat

重金属铅(Pb)的污染在现今工业时代日益严重。研究历史时期的Pb污染,对于了解Pb的现代过程具有重要意义。泥炭沼泽是记录地质历史时期Pb沉降的良好载体,尤其是贫营养泥炭沼泽,其中Pb的移动很弱,它记录的大气Pb沉降的指示作用更为准确。富营养泥炭在水-沉积物相互作用对Pb的影响较小的情况下,也可以有效地指示Pb的含量变化。通过贫营养泥炭记录的大气Pb沉降揭示欧洲Pb污染,已经有5000余年的历史。罗马时代、近代出现的Pb污染峰值,分别与罗马时期大规模采矿、近代燃烧含Pb汽油密切相关。未来有关Pb污染史的研究趋势将向定量化的方向发展,并采用实验模拟、数理统计分析等方法,从宏观和微观等多角度进行历史时期Pb污染的研究。

Pb pollution in nowadays industrial age is becoming more and more serious. The historical process of the Pb pollution has great signiifcance for our understanding of the modern process of Pb. Peat is a good carrier on the geologi-cal history of Pb, especially in oligotrophic peat bog for its weak mobility that caused it has been the accurate indicator of the Pb. Minerotrophic mire can also indicate the change of Pb effectively in the proifle under the weak interaction be-tween water and substrate. History of Pb pollution recorded in oligotrophic bog in Europe is more than 5000 years. The peaks of Pb pollution appeared in Romans and modern times are closely related with the Roman mining and the modern combustion of gasoline with Pb respectively. Studies on history of Pb pollution in the future tend to the comprehensive use of qualitative analysis and quantitative methods, including simulation experiment, mathematical statistics analysis from the different angles.