规模经济:理论辨析和现实思考

Economies of Scale: Theorical Analysis and Real Consideration

规模经济的核心涵义是指在投入增加时 ,产出增加的比例超出投入增加的比例 ,单位产品的平均成本随产量的增加而降低。规模经济可划分为三个层次。我国工业企业规模不经济的表现 :规模小效率低 ;企业创新能力弱 ;国际竞争力普遍较低。规模不经济的主要原因 :一方面是过度竞争 ,另一方面是行政垄断。企业集团是规模经济的发展趋势。企业实现规模经济的途径 :一是内部扩张 ;二是外部扩张。企业在实现规模经济的过程中应遵循五个原则。

The essential connotation of scale economies is that when investment increases, and the proportion of yield increase is more than that of invesment increases,the average cost of unit product will decreases with increaseng production. The scale economies can be divided into three levels. The industry enterprises in China characterize diseconomies of scale as small scale, low effeciency.inferior creativity and generally below-averoge international competition. Diseconomies of scale can be attributed to two reasons: Overreaching competition and the executive monopoly . The enterprise groups are the tendency of scale economies. Enterprises can get that by external and internal extensions, and accordingly they should comply with five principles in the procession of getting that.