阴性与阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者执行功能的比较

Comparison of executive functions between schizophrenic patients with main positive symptoms and main negative symptom

目的:探讨以阴性或阳性症状为主的精神分裂症患者执行功能的特点。方法:采用威斯康星卡片分类测验(WCST)、Stroop色词测验(SCW)、空间广度测验、数字序列测验和伦敦塔测验分别对46例以阴性症状为主(阴性症状组)和46例以阳性症状为主(阳性症状组)的精神分裂症患者、以及46名健康者(对照组)进行执行功能测评。结果:阴性症状组和阳性症状组各项执行功能指标治疗前后差异无统计学意义,但两组的各项指标均明显差于对照组(P均<0.01)。阴性症状组治疗前后WCST中的完成分类数、持续性错误数、随机错误数、数字序列测验的正序和倒序得分、SCW中的反应时(RTA、RTB、RTC)、干扰效应、以及空间广度测验和伦敦塔测验成绩均差于阳性症状组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:精神分裂症患者执行功能缺损明显,尤以阴性症状为主的患者缺损更为明显。

Objective：To explore the characteristic of executive function in schizophrenic patients with main negative or positive symptoms. Method：Forty-six patients with negative symptoms（negative symptoms group）and 46 patients with positive symptoms（positive symptoms group）,46 health controls（control group） were assessed by Wisconsin card sorting test（WCST）,the Stroop color word test（SCW）,spatial span test,digit-al sequence test and the London tower test. Results：There was no significant difference in all executive func-tion index between the negative group and the positive group before and after treatment. But they were both ob-verously worse than those in control group（all P ﹤ 0. 01）. The number of categories completed in WCST,the persistent error number,the random error number,the positive and reverse score of digital sequence test,the time reaction in SWC（RTA,RTB,RTC）,the interference effects,the spatial span test and the London tower test scores in the negative group were all worse than those in positive group（P ﹤ 0. 05 or P ﹤ 0. 01）. Conclusion：The executive function in schizophrenic patients are defective obviously,the defect in the schizophrenic patients with main negative symptoms are more obvious.