黑莓引种的理论导向

Theoretic guide to blackberry introduction

根据我国亚热带丘陵山区大量退化生态系统急待改良的需要，在经济生态学分析基础上，提出以小果类作为开发南方丘陵山区的作物之一。应用“生境因子分析法”理论，论证了黑莓在江苏省引种的可行性。针对黑莓原产区与新引种区水热和土壤因子的差别，提出了选地和及时立支架、土壤改良、土面覆盖、病虫害调查与防治四项栽培技术要点。论证了小果类发展应以加工研究为前导和保证。同时开展了大规模国产悬钩子野生种质资源调查，发现存在富含ＶＥ、ＳＯＤ和微量元素Ｓｅ的种质，发掘出２１种优良种类，分别有直立性强、丰产、果大、色素含量高、抗病虫等优点，是未来黑莓和树莓育种值得注意的原始材料。最后指出下世纪我国黑莓和树莓生产的前景。

According to the requirement of the development of economy on the land within mass degenerative ecosystems in subtropical hilly areas in China, small fruits were recommended by authors as ideal crops on the basis of economical and ecological analysis. With the theory of “Habitat Factors Analysis”, the possibility of the introduction of blackberries in Jiangsu province has been verified. Directing at the differences of water, heat and soil factors between the original producing area and the introductional area, claims for site selection and essentials of cultivation were suggested, e.i. mainly (1) trellis; (2) soil improvement; (3)mulching and (4) systematically monitoring of pests and diseases. It proved that the development of small fruits should be preceded and ensured by the researches of fruit processing. Mean while, wild Rubus germplasms in China were investigated and outstanding species were selected, and some of them have been found extremely rich in VE,SOD and Se. Those were thought valuable in blackberry and raspberry breeding in future. The prospect of blackberry production and the possibility of raspberry introduction in subtropics of China were discussed.