简论西方生态思潮的四大论争

TThe Four Dialogues and Collisions of Western Ecological Thoughts

20世纪以来西方生态思潮经历了四次值得注意的论争:一是生态悲观主义和生态乐观主义的交锋;二是生态现代主义和生态后现代主义的分野;三是无差别主体指向与差异性主体指向的纷争;四是绿色生态思潮和红色生态思潮的辉映。西方生态思潮发展对我国的生态文明建设具有如下借鉴意义:一是建设生态文明要警惕盲目的技术乐观主义;二是建设生态文明要发挥理论先导的作用,建设中国特色的生态文化;三是在生态文明建设过程中注意社会制度的协调跟进,推进社会公平正义,维护环境公平等。

There are mainly four remarkable dialogues and collisions in the western ecological thoughts since 20th century：the first is the confrontation between ecological pessimism and ecological optimism , the second is the difference of ecological modernism and ecological postmodernism , the third is the dispute of common subjects di- recting and different subjects directing , the fourth is the comparison of green ecological thoughts and red ecological thoughts . Systematically combing the western ecological thoughts development thread is very important to our coun- try＇s ecological civilization constructing ：first is that constructing ecological civilization should guard against blind optimism of technology. Second is giving play to the leading role of theory in the construction of ecological civilization and to construct Chinese characteristics ecological culture. Third is to pay attention to the coordination of following up social system , promote social fairness and justice , maintain environmental justice in the process of construction of ecological civilization, etc.