我国与寻找超大型矿床有关的基础研究进展

ADVANCE IN BASIC RESEARCHES PERTAINING TO EXP- LORATION OF SUPERLARGE ORE DEPOSITS IN CHINA

我国于 1 992年将超大型矿床基础性研究列入国家基础研究重大项目 ,已取得如下成果 :确定了超大型矿床的定义和分类原则 ;发现了超大型矿床在矿化类型上的选择性和局限性 ;我国超大型矿床主要分布于克拉通边缘 ;铅同位素的地球化学急变带、地壳厚度急变带、碳酸岩系向碎屑岩系过渡带是超大型矿床产出的有利宏观背景 ;立足于寻找超大型矿床 ,提出了 6个新的成矿域 ;确定了我国东部喜山期和南方晋宁期对金属成矿的重要意义。此外 ,还对邻国超大型矿床成矿带和成矿类型向我国延伸的可能性以及超大型矿床与矿床密集区时空展布及成因上的复杂性进行了研究 ,提出了独立银矿床及成矿带概念。对我国当前开展的超大型矿床基础研究作了概要介绍 ,简要评述了当今国际上超大型矿床研究趋势。

The term “superlarge ore deposits (SOD)” means that it's lower limit of the ore reserve should be 5 times that of large size deposit. It can be devided basically into two types: the conventional and the non conventional ones. There may be a transitional type. The SODs are generally confined to one or two types of mineralization. In China, the SOD are distributed mainly on the borders of cratons or the craton edges. There are tight relationships between Pb isotope geochemical steep zones and setting of SOD along with main mineralization zones. Six new mineralization provinces for the exploration of SOD have been proposed. The Himalayan and Jinning movements are respectively important metallogenetic epoch for eastern and southern China. In addition, discussion has been made on the stretch possibility of SOD in neighbour countries to China. A brief introduction is given for the basic researches being carried on in SOD of China and the fronts of SOD studies in the world are reviewed.