重庆某医院实习医学生医患沟通能力培养模式及效果分析

Doctor-patient communication training mode for interns in a Chongqing hospital and its effect

目的 探讨提高实习医学生医患沟通能力的方法.方法 通过分析临床医师医患沟通能力培养的重要性及国内外医患沟通现状,设计关于实习医学生医患沟通能力的培养模式,包括有效的培训内容、培训方法和考核手段等方面.选取2011年6月至2013年8月在重庆医科大学附属永川医院实习的医学生178人,随机分为甲、乙2组,将该培养模式运用于甲组学生培训,乙组学生接受常规培训.通过医疗文书书写及现场沟通2个客观评价指标及患者满意度问卷调查,评估2组学生医患沟通能力.数据采用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析,行配对资料t检验和Wilcoxon秩和检验.结果 甲组文书书写评价得分为（20.36±2.85）,沟通现场评价得分为（21.18 ±2.93）,均高于乙组的（14.79±2.61）和（13.94±3.07）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）.另外,培训后针对甲、乙2组学生,分别调查了406和367名患者,甲组实习医学生培训后的患者满意度59.85％（243/406）明显高于乙组的11.99％ （44/367）,差异有统计学意义（P=0.000）.结论 本研究所设计的医患沟通培养模式对增强医患沟通能力具有良好效果.

Objective To improve the teaching methods for doctor-patient communication skill of medical interns.Methods The present situation and the importance of doctor-patient communication were analyzed.The training model of doctor-patient communication was designed including the aspects of effective training content,training methods and assessment tools,etc.Totally 178 interns in our hospital between June and August 2013 were selected and were divided into two groups.The newly designed training model was applied in students in group A while routine training was applied in students in group B.Doctor-patient communication ability of interns was tested through writing instruments and on-the-spot communicating and investigating satisfaction degree of patients.SPSS 13.0 was applied to do statistical analysis and t test and Wilcoxon were used.Results Score of instrument writing and on-the-spot communication were higher in group A than in group B [Group A：（20.36 ±2.85）,（21.18 ± 2.93） ; Group B：（14.79 ± 2.61） and （13.94 ± 3.07）],with statistically significant differences（P=0.000）.In addition,according to a survey of 406 patients of group A,367 patients of group B,group A students＇ satisfaction degree after the training was significantly higher than that group B（59.85% vs.11.99%）（P=0.000）.Conclusion The newly designed doctor-patient communication training model can enhance the doctor-patient communication skills.