利用多元统计方法筛选确定番茄幼苗质量评价指标

Screening and Identification of Quality Evaluation Indexes of Tomato Seedlings with Multivariate Statistical Analysis

幼苗质量对于蔬菜作物的植株生长发育以及产品的产量和品质有重要影响,培育壮苗是获得优质高产的关键,而培育壮苗必须建立准确、快速、简便的幼苗质量评价体系。本试验以番茄品种‘合作906’(有限生长型)和‘合作908’(无限生长型)为试材,以不同育苗条件下不同生长状态的番茄幼苗为材料,对反映幼苗质量的18个数量性状指标进行相关分析、聚类分析、通径分析等,筛选出能准确反映番茄幼苗生长状态,并且测定简便的番茄幼苗质量评价指标。结果表明,株高、茎粗、叶面积、全株鲜质量、全株干质量、叶干质量、茎干质量、地下部干质量、地上部干质量/株高、叶面积/株高、(茎粗/株高)×全株干质量、(茎粗/株高+地下部干质量/地上部干质量)×全株干质量、(茎粗/株高)×全株干质量×叶片数以及(茎粗/株高)×全株鲜质量等指标在不同生长条件下变异较大,而且指标间相关性极显著,可被聚为一类。其中,(茎粗/株高)×全株干质量的模拟模型包含了多个单项幼苗数量性状指标信息,而且与他们多元线性回归模型的决定系数达0.996 4。因此,可将(茎粗/株高)×全株干质量作为番茄幼苗质量评价的可靠指标。

Seedling quality has significant influences on plant growth and development as well as yield and quality of fruit in vegetables.Consequently,it is of vital importance to nurture healthy seedlings to gain high production.And constructing an accurate,fast and convenient system of seedling quality evaluation is essential to get a healthy seedling.Two tomato cultivars,‘Hezuo 906＇（determinate growth type）and‘Hezuo 908＇（infinite growth type）,were exposed to variable managements,respectively,to obtain a couple of seedlings of different growth state.Correlation analysis,cluster analysis and path analysis were adopted to investigate the variation of 18traits implying seedling quality to identify the indexes for seedling quality evaluation,which correctly revealed the growth state of tomato seedling and were easy to measure.The results indicated that shoot height,stem diameter,leaf ar-ea,plant fresh mass,plant dry mass,leaf dry mass,stem dry mass,root dry mass,crown dry mass/shoot height,leaf area/shoot height,（Stem diameter/shoot height）×plant dry mass,（Stem diameter/shoot height＋root dry mass/crown dry mass）×plant dry mass,（Stem diameter/shoot height）×plant dry mass×leaf number,as well as（Stem diameter/shoot height）×plant fresh mass all had large variation,and exhibited an extremely significant correlation with other indexes,and could be classified as one cluster.The simulation of（Stem diameter/shoot height）×plant dry mass contained messages of several single quantitative indexes,and the determination coefficient of the simulation was 0.996 4by multiple linear regression analysis.As a result,quality evaluation of tomato seedlings could be calculated,preferentially,by（stem diameter/shoot height）×plant dry mass.