创伤住院患者创伤后应激障碍的发生及影响因素

Occurrence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder( PTSD) in Trauma-experienced Inpatients and Influencing Factors

目的了解创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的发生及影响因素。方法选择新疆某三甲医院的创伤住院患者,以及目睹亲人经历重大创伤或者突然亡故的家属400名为被试进行问卷调查,应用PTSD诊断量表(PCL-C)、汉密尔顿焦虑量表、汉密尔顿抑郁量表、社会支持量表,采用一对一访谈的方式进行评估,依据DSM-Ⅳ诊断标准确诊PTSD的患者并调查其发生率及影响因素。结果①400例被试PCL-C评分均值为(36.975±14.090),PTSD的症状筛查阳性率为31%(PCL-C分值≥41分);②影响因素分析显示,女性(χ2=13.380,P<0.001)、重大外伤(χ2=24.488,P<0.001)、癌症(χ2=9.268,P<0.05)、丧亲(χ2=41.083,P<0.001)的被试PTSD症状的发生率高。结论创伤后PTSD症状发生率较高,性别、创伤的严重程度、是否患有癌症或丧亲是其主要的影响因素。

Objective To understand the incidence and factors affecting the occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder （ PTSD）. Methods A total of 400 participants were consisted of inpatients who experienced trauma events from a tertiary general hospital in Xin -jiang and witnesses who direct witnessed terrible wounds or died suddenly of relatives .The participants completed the PTSD checklist-ci-vilian version ,Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scales ,and social support review survey .And we also used one-on-one interview and the PTSD diagnostic standard of DSM -Ⅳto survey the incidence and factors affecting the occurrence of PTSD .Results ①The mean score of PCL-C was 36 .975 ±14 .090 .PTSD positive rate of overall screening population was 31%（ the total score of PCL -C≥41 ） .②The analysis of influencing factors showed that females （χ2 =13.380,P〈0.001）,who experienced major trauma （χ2 =24.488,P〈0.001）,cancer patients（χ2 =9.268,P〈0.05）,and bereaved（χ2 =41.083,P〈0.001）had a higher incidence of PTSD than others. Conclusion Individuals who experience trauma have a higher incidence of PTSD .The main influencing factors are gender ,severity of trauma,cancer survivor or not ,and bereavement .