学前儿童羞怯量表家长卷的编制

The Development of Parent Reported Scale for Preschool Children's Shyness

目的探索学前儿童羞怯心理结构,编制学前儿童羞怯量表家长卷(PCS-P)并检验其信效度。方法通过文献分析、半结构式访谈构建学前儿童羞怯心理因子结构模型并编制初测量表。随机整群抽取819名幼儿使用家长卷对幼儿母亲进行测查。通过项目分析、探索性因子分析和验证性因子分析确定量表的最终结构。随机抽取32名被试间隔5周后重测。采用儿童社交偏好量表(CSPS)为效标检验效标效度。采用母亲对儿童羞怯水平总体评价的方式检验聚合效度。结果 PCS-P包含6个因子(HM-P,HM-A,HT-P,HT-A,PB-P,PB-A),验证性因子分析结果表明,模型符合心理测量学要求(RMSEA<0.08,GFI>0.8,CFI>0.9,NNFI>0.9,RMR<0.1)。PCS-P含35个项目,同质信度为0.94,重测信度为0.83,效标效度为0.61,聚合效度为0.65。结论自编的PCS-P具有良好的心理测量学特征,可以作为研究学前儿童羞怯心理的测量工具。

Objective To explore the shyness structure for preschool children ,develop the Preschool Child Shyness scale -Parent re-ported （PCS-P）,and examine its reliabilities and validities .Methods Through literature review and semi-structured interview,the re-searcher proposed the shyness structure model and developed the original scales .A random sample of 819 children＇s mothers was meas-ured using the scale.Item analysis,exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to determine the final structure of the scale .Another sample of 32 participants were retested 5 weeks later ,so as to examine its test-retest reliability .The Child Social Preference Scale（CSPS）was used to test its criterion related validity .The overall evaluation of shyness of each child rated by mothers was applied to test the convergent validity of the scale .Results The PCS-P contained six factors （ HM-P,HM-A,HT-P, HT-A,PB-P,PB-A）.The indicators of confirmatory factor analysis met the requirements of psychometrics （RMSEA〈0.08,GFI〉0.8,CFI〉0.9,NNFI〉0.9,RMR〈0.1）.The scale contained 35 items.The homogeneity reliability for PCS -P was 0.94,test-retest reliability was 0.84,crite-rion validity was 0.61,convergent validity was 0.65.Conclusion The reliability and validity show that PCS -P is good enough for rele-vant researches on shyness of the preschool children .