维持性血液透析患者体力活动能力状况及影响因素

The level and influence factors of physical activity ability in patients with maintenance hemodialysis

目的调查维持性血液透析患者体力活动能力状况,分析其影响因素及特点。方法采用方便抽样的方法,使用人类活动概况量表、握力检测、30s起坐试验及实验室检查,综合评估维持性血液透析患者的体力活动能力,分析影响患者体力活动能力的相关因素。结果本研究共纳入150例患者,全部完成问卷调查、握力及30s起坐试验3项测试并且资料齐全的患者132例,最大活动得分为(73.76±10.73)分,校正活动得分为(62.84±15.56)分,握力为(30.54±10.32)kg,30s起坐(18.63±5.42)次,明显低于健康人群。回归分析显示,患者的年龄、血肌酐、血清白蛋白水平是其体力活动能力的主要影响因素。结论维持性血液透析患者体力活动能力下降,体力活动能力受其年龄和营养状况的影响,提示临床医护人员要重视对患者体力活动能力的评估和干预,改善营养状况,提高其体力活动能力。

Objective To investigate the level and influence factors of physical activity ability in patients with maintenance hemodialysis（MHD）.Methods Totally 132 MHD patients were recruited by convenient sampling method.They were asked to complete the Human Activity Profile（HAP）,a grip test,a 30-second chair stand test and laboratory indicators test.Results The HAP maximum activity score and adjusted activity score were 73.76±10.73 and 62.84±15.56,respectively;the grip power was （30.54±10.32）kg,the times in 30-second chair stand test were 18.63± 5.4,which were significantly lower than healthy people.Regression analysis showed that age and the level of serum creatinine and serum albumin were significant factors of patients＇ physical activity ability.Conclusion The physical activity ability in MHD patients decreases and is influenced by patients＇ age and nutritional status.Medical staff should fully assess patients＇ physical activity ability and provide proper interventions to improve the nutrition status of MHD patients in order to promote their physical activity ability.