内蒙、河北山区壶穴的成因探讨——兼论壶穴成因分类

Origin of Pots in Inner Mongolia and Northern Hebei ——Also about the Classification of Pots

对内蒙、河北等地新近发现的壶穴进行详细的计量及采样分析 ,并参考国内外相关研究资料 ,认为本区壶穴是非冰成的风化风蚀穴。它的发育受到风、温度、降水、湿度、生物、地貌及岩体的结构构造等多种因子的控制。其中风化 ,尤其是盐风化等化学风化 ,是其主要控制因子 ,而风不仅加速风化 ,进行风蚀 ,并不断把风化物搬运走。作者综观国内外各类壶穴 ,并结合自己的研究成果 ,对壶穴的成因进行了类型划分 ,这些成因皆反映了特定的环境背景。本区古人类文化相当发达 ,壶穴正是在夏家店文化年代跨度内达到了相对稳定 ,气候环境、地貌过程、文化类型三者存在很好的响应互动关系。

Newly discovered pots in Inner Mongolia and Northern Hebei was detailedly measured and analysed. Based on the correlative research materials, we believe that pots of these areas are not formed by the glaciation but by weathering erosion. Their development is controlled by many factors such as wind, temperature, precipitation, moisture, vegetation, landform and rock structure, etc. Weathering, especially chemical weathering such as salt weathering, has an important implication to their form. Wind not only can facilitate weathering and erosion, but also can carry weathering products out. Based on many scientist researches about pots and our own analyses, the pots can be divided into three different types according their forming cause. Their causes reflect the special environment background. In these areas, ancient culture developed very well. Pots are in the relatively stable stage in the period of Xiajiadian Culture. There exist good responsive relationship among climatic environment, geographic processes and cultural types. This study has an important implication to the regional and global plaeoclimate reconstruction.