蛋白质组分析技术进展

PROGRESS IN PROTEOME ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES

蛋白质组是指某一物种、个体、器官、组织、细胞乃至体液在精确控制其环境条件之下 ,特定时刻的全部蛋白质表达图谱。继基因组之后 ,它的研究即将成为分子生物学的研究热点。蛋白质组研究中常用分离分析技术包括样品制备 ,双向凝胶电泳 ,毛细管电泳 ,色谱技术和质谱技术。双向凝胶电泳是在较短时间内分离大量蛋白质组分 ,提供足够分离空间的比较成熟的方法。各种分析技术的连用和分析过程的自动化将是蛋白质组研究技术的发展方向。

The proteome represents the protein pattern of a speciy, an organism, a cell, an organelle, or even a body fluid determined quantitatively at a certain moment and under precisely defined limiting conditions. Proteome research techniques are important tools in the Post-Genome Era. Quantitative separation and analysis of proteins in the proteome involve many techniques, including sample preparation, two dimension(2D) gel electrophoresis, capillary electrophoresis, chromatographic techniques, mass spectrometry, and so on. The 2D gel electrophoresis is currently a quite good method which is available to provide enough space for several thousand components and separate protein mixtures with in a few hours. Combined use of various analysis techniques and automation in instrumentation will be the recent trend in this field.