侧风影响下车辆侧翻倾向性虚拟试验研究

Virtual test study on rollover tendency of vehicles under crosswind

侧风影响下的车辆侧翻事故虽然所占比例不大,但伤亡率较高,文中以某轿车和某客车车型为基础,运用机械系统动力学软件ADAMS/Car建立了相应的仿真模型并进行虚拟试验。通过侧风影响下车辆侧翻倾向性虚拟试验分析了两种车型在不同车速和风速条件下的侧向加速度和方向盘转角,给出了各条件组合下车辆侧向加速度的峰值,探讨了两种车型的侧翻倾向性。通过双因素方差分析揭示了风速和车速对两种车型侧翻的影响,表明这两种因素对不同车型的侧翻影响程度不同,对大客车而言,两种因素对侧翻倾向性有同等程度的影响,而对轿车来说,车速的影响程度高于风速的影响。该研究结果为侧风环境中行车安全措施的制定提供理论依据。

Although the incidence of vehicle rollover accidents caused by crosswind is not very high, the fatality rate in such acci- dents is very high. A car model and a bus model were built by us- ing multi-body dynamics software ADAMS/Car and virtual tests were conducted. The lateral acceleration and steering wheel angle of two types of vehicles under different vehicle speed and wind speed were analyzed after the rollover tendency virtual tests. Mean- while the peak value of lateral acceleration under various condi- tions was proposed and the rollover tendency of vehicles was dis- cussed. Then the two factor analysis of variance was used to reveal the effect of wind speed and vehicle speed on rollover tendency of the two vehicle models. It was found that the vehicle speed and wind speed had different influence on different vehicle models, The rollover tendency of the bus was equally affected by the two factors but to the car the vehicle speed had a higher impact than the effect of wind speed. The study results provided a theoretical basis for the development of road safety measures in a crosswind environ- ment.