187例新的/严重的药品不良反应报告分析

Analysis of 187 Cases of New/Serious ADR Reports

目的:了解我院新的/严重的药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点及规律,为更好地避免ADR发生提供依据。方法:对我院2010-2013年上报的187例新的一般的、新的严重的和严重的ADR报告进行统计、分析和评价。结果:ADR涉及的药品共210种(含联合用药),以抗菌药物(41.43%)所占比例最高,其次为抗肿瘤药(19.05%)和中成药(17.62%)等;以静脉给药途径为主(83.42%),其次为口服(12.83%);严重的ADR为过敏性休克、骨髓抑制和过敏样反应等;累及最多的器官或系统依次为皮肤及其附件、全身性损害、消化系统和循环系统等;ADR大多发生在用药后2 h内(72.73%)。结论:新的/严重的ADR的发生与多种因素有关,提倡在合理用药的同时,医务人员应增强防治ADR意识,保证药物使用的安全性和有效性。

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the features and regularity of new/severe ADR in our hospital, and to provide reference for avoiding the occurrence of ADR. METHODS： 187 new/serious ADRs reported by our hospital during 2010-2013 were analyzed and evaluated statistically. RESULTS： Of 210 ADR-inducing drugs （including drug combination）, the antibiotics accounted for the highest proportion （41.43%）, followed by antineoplastic drugs （19.05%）, Chinese patent drugs （17.62%）, etc. The intravenous administration was main reasons （83.42%）, followed by oral administration （12.83%）. The serious ADR included allergic shock, myelosuppression and anaphylactoid reaction, etc. Main organs or systems involved in ADR were skin and its appedant, systemic damage, digestive system and circulatory system, etc. Most of ADR occurred within 2 h （72.73%）. CONCLUSIONS： The occurrence of new/serious ADR is related to various factors, so medical staff should strengthen the awareness of ADR prevention and ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug use at the same time of advocating rational drug use.