住院老年患者口服用药中常见问题的护理和探讨

Nursing and discussion of the common problem about oral medication in hospitalized elderly patient

目的：探讨住院老年患者口服用药中常见问题及护理疗效。方法对2013年3-10月我科120例老年患者采用问卷形式调查，观察患者口服用药、护士工作中的常见问题及住院患者口服药物种类分布，针对以上问题采用干预护理。对比分析护理干预前、后的用药情况。结果住院老年患者口服用药的常见问题中，自行服药发生率最高64.17%；其次，漏服药发生率59.17%。住院老年患者口服用药过程中存在护理工作不到位现象，其中自行服药与漏服药物分别为25.83%、24.17%。120例老年患者口服药医嘱共l217条，服药种类占前三位的分别是心血管用药、呼吸系统药物和消化系统药物，其构成比分别为19.80%、17.83%和17.33%。对患者进行护理干预后，患者的服药依从性、服药方法、服药时间、药物知识、对服药误区和不规律服药危害的了解以及对不良反应的了解等指标均明显高于干预前，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论护理干预住院老年患者口服用药可加强患者口服用药安全管理意识，从而保证老年患者安全服药。

Objective To explore the common problems and nursing effect of oral medication in hospitalized elderly patient. Methods One hundred and twenty elderly patients, who were hospitalized in our department from 2013 March to October, were investigated by the questionnaires for the common problems of oral drugs and nurses working and oral drug types. Nursing was implemented to solve the above problem. The drug using situations were compared before and after nursing intervention. Results In common problems on older patient oral medication, self medication incidence was highest, for 64.17%, secondly, the leakage medication incidence was 59.17%. Nursing work was not in place phe-nomenon on oral medication in elderly patients during the medication, and the drug leakage service station was 25.83%and 24.17%respectively. The oral medication orders of 120 elderly patients were 1217. The top three of the medication were cardiovascular drugs, respiratory system drugs and drugs for digestive system, whose constituent ratio were 19.80%, 17.83%, 17.33%, respectively. For patients with nursing intervention, the indexes were significantly higher than those before intervention, for example the compliance, medication, medication time, knowledge of medication, the understanding of taking the medication errors and irregular harm, and the understanding of adverse reactions and other indexes, the difference was statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Conclusion Nursing intervention in elderly patients with oral medication can strengthen oral medication safety management consciousness, so as to ensure the safety of medica-tion in elderly patients.