小高宽比超薄剪力墙不对称结构楼房爆破拆除

Explosive Demolition of Small Height-width Ratio and Asymmetric Structure Thin Shear Wall Building

新疆肿瘤医院旧教学楼共9层,长53.8 m,宽27.2 m,高40.9 m,外形结构不对称呈“凸”形,楼房为全剪力墙结构,墙体厚仅16 cm,属于“小高宽比超薄剪力墙不对称结构楼房”.针对旧教学楼上述特点,为确保楼房倒塌并降低爆堆高度,在楼房1～3层、6～7层开设2个爆破切口;为解决超薄剪力墙钻孔和爆破施工难的问题,采用平行于墙面的钻孔方法,炸药单耗控制在2.6～3.6 kg/m^3;为防止因楼房结构不对称而导致倒塌方向偏转,采用人工切缝将楼房整体分割成两个区域实施爆破.周边环境复杂,需保护管线及建筑物众多,采用倒塌区域挖减振沟,筑缓冲堤,管线上覆盖沙袋,剪力墙多层竹芭包裹等综合措施进行安全防护,获得了较好的爆破效果.

The old teaching building of Xinjiang Tumor Hospital was nine-layer with length 53.8 m, width 27.2 m and hight 40.9 m. The asymmetric shape with 16 cm shear wall structure was small height-width ratio and thin shear wall asymmetric structure. Based on the characteristics of the building, to ensure the buildings collapse and to reduce the muck pile height, two blast cuts were designed in building 1 ~ 3 and 6 ~ 7 layers ; In order to overcome the difficulties in drilling and blasting construction in thin wall, the drilling method paralleled to the wall was used, and the specific charge was controlled in 2.6 ~ 3.6 kg/m3 ; In order to prevent the deflected collapse of buildings due to the structure asymmetry, the whole building was divided into two regions by the artificial slit. The comprehensive measures such as dig damping ditch in collapsed area, buffer dike, covering sand bags on pipeline, multi-layer bamboo package shear wall were applied to keep the security and good blasting effect was achieved.