2008—2012年广西农村生活饮用水氟化物含量调查

Investigation of drinking water fluoride in rural areas of Guangxi province during 2008-2012

目的了解和掌握广西农村饮用水水氟含量及其分布。方法对2008—2012年广西农村饮用水水氟含量监测数据进行分析;按照GB 5749—2006《生活饮用水卫生标准》进行评价,以水氟含量超过1.00 mg/L判定为不合格。结果广西农村饮用水水氟含量为〈0.05～4.2mg/L,中位数为0.05mg/L,超标率为0.07%（31/43 427）。水氟含量地区分布依次为桂北〈桂中〈桂南〈桂西〈桂东。分散式供水水氟超标率（0.51%）明显高于集中式供水（0.03%）;地下水（0.09%）与地表水（0.04%）水氟超标率无明显差别;14个饮水型地方性氟中毒流行病区水氟超标率（0.27%）明显高于非流行区（0.03%）。结论广西农村地区属于低水氟和高水氟地区并存,表现为大部分地区饮用水氟含量过低呈片状分布,部分饮水型地方性氟中毒病区高氟水呈局部点状分布。

Objectives To know the level of drinking water fluoride in rural areas in Guangxi province. Methods The drinking water fluoride data of rural areas from 2008 to 2010 were analyzed. Standards for Drinking Water Quality（ GB 5749-2006） were used to assess the drinking water fluoride and the water fluoride level of more than 1 mg/L was judged as unqualified. Results The level of water fluoride in rural areas in Guangxi province varied in 〈0.05-4.2 mg/L and the median of water fluoride level was 0.05 mg/L, the unqualified rate was 0.07%（31/43）. The regional water fluoride level ranked as northern〈middle〈southern〈western〈eastern Guangxi. The unqualified rate in decentralized water supply areas（0.51%） was significantly higher than that in centralized water supply areas（0.03%）, and no significant difference was seen in the unqualified rate between underground water supply areas（0.09%） and surface water supply areas（0.04%）. The unqualified rate（0.27%） in 14 endemic fluorosis areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic fluorosis areas（0.03%）. Conclusion Most rural areas of Guangxi province belong to the coexistence areas with low fluoride water and high fluoride water,which were characterized by star-like distribution of high water fluoride areas and sheet distribution of low water fluoride areas.