输电线路工频电磁场对汽车起重机的电磁骚扰

Electromagnetic Disturbance Caused by Transmission Line Power Frequency Electromagnetic Fields on Truck Crane

输电线路产生的工频电磁场会对汽车起重机等工程机械的高空作业部分产生严重的电磁骚扰,影响其正常作业。为解决该问题,根据输电线路电磁场的特性和汽车起重机的结构特点,采用有限元法计算了空间电磁场分布;基于Rachidi场线耦合模型分析了控制器局域网络总线的耦合响应及吊臂外壳的电位分布,并分析了吊臂长度、仰角及其与输电线路水平距离等参数对吊臂外壳电位分布的影响。结果表明,输电线路产生的电磁场导致汽车起重机吊臂外壳两端产生了近1.6 V的电位差,进而产生电磁骚扰;在汽车起重机相关部位喷涂绝缘漆,或者优化车载电子系统的接地方式,可以避免该类型的电磁骚扰,保证设备正常工作。

The power frequency electromagnetic field induced by transmission line can cause severe electromagnetic disturbance to electronic equipment in the part working aloft of engineering machinery, such as truck crane, and threatens its normal operation. In order to solve this problem, according to the characteristics of electromagnetic fields induced by transmission lines and the structural characteristics of truck cranes, we calculated the electromagnetic field distribution using the finite element method. On the basis of the Rachidi field-line coupling model, we analyzed the coupling response of controller area network bus and the potential distribution of boom shell. Accordingly, we obtained the influences of some boom parameters, such as length, elevation angle, horizontal distance from the transmission line, on the potential distribution of the boom shell. The results indicate that, the electromagnetic field can cause a potential difference about 1.6 V between the ends of boom shell, which becomes the major cause of electromagnetic disturbance. Painting insulating paint on the relevant parts of truck cranes, or optimizing the grounding mode of electronic systems can help avoid such electromagnetic disturbance, and guarantee the proper operation of devices.